From P&O's Sea Princess, Victoria, Mona Lisa, Oceanic II and Hotel Veronca to the breakers in 2015

MS Kungsholm IV – 1966 -1978 - Now P&O’s Sea Princess, Victoria, Mona Lisa, Oceanic II - to her voyage to the Alang ship breakers in 2015!

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With Reuben Goossens

Maritime Historian, Cruise‘n’Ship Reviewer, Author & Maritime Lecturer

Please Note: All ssMaritime and other related maritime/cruise sites are 100% non-commercial and privately owned. Be assured that I am NOT associated with any shipping or cruise companies or any travel/cruise agencies or any other organisations! Although the author has been in the passenger shipping industry since 1960, although is now retired but having completed around 680 Classic Liners and Cargo-Passengers Ships features I trust these will continue to provide classic ship enthusiasts the information the are seeking, but above all a great deal of pleasure! Reuben Goossens.

Page Three

Above & below: Looking at the two photographs we can clearly see what has been done to one of the finest Swedish

ships built in the 1960s and sadly she certainly does not look anything like the magnificent ship we once knew!

P&O Rebuilds the MS Kungsholm:

The Australian cruise market was a lucrative one for P&O/Princess Cruises and thus the 1954 built SS Arcadia had been operating cruises based in Sydney during the summer months, as well in the America’s and Great Britain. However, she was in need to be replaced and when the Kungsholm came on the market she was the perfect size for P&O and decided that with a comprehensive rebuilding programme and refit she would be the perfect ship for the role and therefore she was purchased by the P&O Passenger Division, and was registered under the ownership of “Finance for Shipping Ltd,” based in London.

The magnificent MS Kungsholm departed New York on August 10, 1978 for her very last official Flagship cruise, however upon her return to New York, she was handed over to P&O on August 21, and she headed across the Atlantic to Germany and the Vulcan Shipbuilders & Machine Factory in Bremen, where she arrived on September 4. There she would be extensively rebuilt into almost a completely different looking ship that very much was an insult to her architect as the ship beauty was violated, with the horrendous changes that were made to her externals! She also received comprehensive internal refurbishments. However, her rebuilding programme was delayed somewhat, this had more to do with bad weather conditions that bad management, but eventually she appeared as a new ship when she was completed. She was officially renamed MV Sea Princess at the yards on January 15, 1979.

The photographs below show the rebuilding that was carried out at the Bremer Vulkan Schiffbau und Machinenfabrik GmbH, from October 1978 to January 1979. Two images show the new top sections of the funnel extension before it was added.

Bremen Vulcan Shipyards Photo Album:

The following images are from the author’s private collection

They were provided to me originally, by the now late, Herr. Horst von Spitzen of Bremer Vulkan

The as yet unnamed P&O ship is in the process of being rebuilt. As we can see already the

once gazed in aft promenade section of Veranda Deck was closed in and now contains cabins

I believe it was one of the great tragedies when they removed the forward funnel, reducing it to an ugly stump of superstructure

Although on practical terms, it did allow for additional deck space

Here we see the top section what will form the new aft funnel

This is the Sea Princess at the Bremer Vulkan Shipyard on the day of the official handover to P&O accepted by Captain Peter Love.

The official handing over and naming party on January 15, 1979

The just named MV Sea Princess is seen here at her Fit out Berth, just prior to her sailing for Southampton

P&O’s MV Sea Princess:

On January 20, 1979 the new Sea Princes departed the Bremen shipyard and headed for her homeport of Southampton. Many ship lovers were greatly disappointed when they first saw the Sea Princess when she was completed; for she was a very different ship than they had known and with the forward funnel removed it looked like a large out of place stump style of superstructure. Her new and stylised aft yellow funnel just did not look right either. Her aft mainmast had also been removed whilst the aft decks had all been extended far aft. Her once beautifully fully glazed in promenade on Veranda deck, from just below her funnel to aft now had 80 additional cabins and a new outdoor pool aft, but it meant the loss of a wonderful lounge and deck spaces! But, thankfully some of her original interior features did survive, such as in the restaurant, where the famed porcelain cabinet’s, etc, and other items around the ship, including her fine and warm timbers thankfully remained.

The ex Kungsholm seen with her all new look tall almost pointy funnel as the P&O MV Sea Princess

Note that cabins now occupy the aft end of Veranda Deck as more passenger accommodations were required!

Photo by & © Joni Davis

In due course the new Sea Princess became a popular cruise ships in spite of the shock of her new look by those in the maritime community. The truth was that P&O ensured that she would provide excellent service and with good food and entertainment and with her delightful interior and overall charm she quickly won the hearts of many cruise lovers around the world over the years!

The new MV Sea Princess accommodated 750 passengers in comfort and in style and she was registered as being 27,670 GRT. When she arrived for the very first time in Southampton and she was made ready to sail, her first passengers boarded, with most of who were bound either for Singapore or going all the way to Sydney Australia to replace one of P&O retiring ships.

A bow view of the Sea Princess in Venice - the best possible view of the ship

A troubled ship! It did not take long for the crew to figure out that this was going to be a troublesome ship, for there were fuel problems and when she arrived in Sydney fuel samples had to be sent to Europe, to ensure they had the right mixture for these Swedish engines, even though she was built by John Browns. Her new aft funnel was like an oven as it continually over heated even burning a light to a crisp, and the new design had fumes constantly falling along her aft decks making it very uncomfortable for passengers! Cabins flooded during her maiden voyage, toilets backed up, the ship was a mess, but the crew worked very hard to keep passengers as happy as can be, and it was fortunate she was not fully booked!

The 1954 built SS Arcadia:

The 29,664 GRT SS Arcadia was built to be the traditional P&O passenger liner, operating regular line voyages between the Southampton and Sydney, then in more recent times she served as a popular cruise ship based mostly in Australia. Like the MS Kungsholm, she was also built by the John Brown Shipyard at Clydebank in Scotland. However, her days had come to an end and her cruising days was about to conclude and she had already been sold to Taiwanese breakers.

Postcard of the very last of the traditional P&O style liners left

in the world, the SS Arcadia seen here fully dressed for cruise duties

The Arcadia departed Sydney for the very last time on January 29, 1979, for a cruise to Singapore where she would meet up with the Sea Princess in Singapore. However, considering the Arcadia had become such a popular ship and this was to be her very last voyage ever, for her final destination was the breakers yard in Taiwan. That is why she was packed with those who loved this ship greatly and wanted to enjoy last voyage on her, and they departed Sydney and again in Brisbane, massive flotillas of small ships escorted her out of the harbour to say goodbye. Then in Singapore Arcadia’s passengers would be transferred to the Sea Princess for the voyage home, whilst many of the British passengers that had arrived on the Sea Princess would be flying home. The superb old P&O ship Arcadia continued to Kaohsiung Taiwan, where she arrived at the Lee Chong Steel & Iron Works Yards on February 28, 1979 then on April 30, torches took to the ship in order that the ship would be soon broken up.

Having taken on the Arcadia passengers on February 16, 1979, the Sea Princess headed south for Fremantle (Perth) Western Australia and she arrived on February 28. The then headed south and turned east sailing along the Great Australian Bight (the Southern Ocean) to Melbourne and after departing the same day she headed north bound for her new home Sydney, arriving on March 6, 1979. From Sydney she would commence her new role as a Pacific Cruise Ship also operating the occasional annual cruise or two to Asia.

P&O’s Sea Princess in Sydney March 6, 1979

Photographer unknown – *See photo notes at the bottom of page

She had become a popular cruise ship in Australia, but another ship was required in the United Kingdom and with the ever-increasing number of passengers desiring to cruise in the Northern Hemisphere P&O decided to send the intimate Sea Princess to the Southampton. The Sea Princess departed Sydney on March 11, 1982 bound for Southampton where she was now based!

However, the Australian’s did well, for in place of the Sea Princess the magnificent 1,500 passenger, 41,915 GRT SS Oriana arrived in Sydney on December 22, 1981 and she was now officially based in Sydney as the new local cruise ship. This ship offered greater comforts than any ship had ever offered before, including “Court Cabins,” where inside court cabins had small windows that looked out into the Court which had large windows out to the sea!

The very last Orient Liner ever built, the great SS Oriana

She had huge deck spaces, as well as a vast number of lounges, bars and several pools and a host of special facilities! She became one of the most popular cruise ships of her time!

Although the Sea Princess did visit Australia again in 1983 as P&O operated her on an Around the World Voyage. She arrived in Sydney on February 21, and she remained for a two-day stopover. After the world voyage and returning to the UK she headed for Vosper Ltd at Southampton where even more cabins were added, increasing her accommodations to 840 berths. P&O Cruises repeated the Around the World Voyage using the Sea Princess in 1984, the year she was transferred to the ownership of “Investors in Industry Inc” and strangely enough they reduced her passenger numbers to 720 berths just one year after having increased it, a waste of money!

Sea Princess operated one more Around the World Voyage in 1985 visiting Australia, but this would be the last time for the ship under the P&O banner!

MV Sea Princess arrives for her final visit to Sydney under the P&O banner in 1985

Photograph by & © my good friend Stan Evans

P&O’s Sea Princess is seen berthed at the Overseas Passenger Terminal at Circular Quay

Photograph by & © my good friend Stan Evans

Princess Cruises:

In November 1986 the Sea Princess was transferred to “Princess Cruises,” and externally the only visible change was that the funnel was painted all white with the typical Princess blue Sea Witch logo on it. Princess cruises gave her an extensive refit upgrading her lounges but especially her cabins.

Princess Cruises aerial Postcard of the MV Sea Princess, featuring the “Sea Witch” logo on her funnel

When completed she spent the early part of 1987 in Port Everglades operating cruises to the Caribbean, then she operated a cruise through the Panama Canal to San Francisco from where she operated cruises to Alaska, and then a Trans-Pacific Cruise to Asia and Australia in December.

Sea Princess is seen during one of her cruises

On Australia’s Bi-Centennial Day’s celebrations in 1988 she was anchored in the middle of Sydney harbour opposite the Sydney Opera House and close to the Sydney Harbour Bridge for her guests to enjoy the massive fireworks display she returned to sea for several days. Upon completion of her summer series of cruises she departed and headed for Asia and onto the USA.

The handsome bow of the Sea Princess

Photographed by & © ex 1986 crew member - Paul Dashwood

She would return to Australia for the 1989/90 summer season of cruises in December that year. She was a regular visitor to Australia and thus when the news came that she was about to be given yet another new name it came as a shock. However, Princess Cruises at the time was rapidly building up a new fleet of ships and they required the name for their new ship in building the 77,000-ton MV Sea Princess.

The completed new MV Sea Princess

P&O MV Victoria:

Thus in 1995 the Sea Princess was transferred back to P&O UK fleet and was renamed Victoria. Externally, the only change was the return of her buff/yellow funnel.

She is seen here after being returned to P&O renamed MV Victoria

She became what we may call a genuine British P&O cruise ship and she operated with the UK fleet out of Southampton or fly/cruise operation sailing from Italian ports year after year and she was a very popular ship, mostly due to her more intimate size!

Then in 1999, the Victoria was chartered to the Union-Castle Line for a special Centenary Voyage and for this special occasion she had her funnel repainted in the Union Castle’s red and black livery. They even had asked to paint her hull in the traditional lavender, however the cost to do this would have been far too great, thus they decided against this.

The Union Castle Line MS Victoria

The Victoria was indeed a fine ship indeed having eight passenger decks, with 4 passenger elevators, 2 outdoor and 1 indoor swimming pools, a sauna and a massage parlour. In addition, she offered 3 restaurants, 4 lounges, 4 indoor bars, 1 outdoor bar and a 300-passenger capacity theatre, as well as a fitness centre, hair salon and a fully equipped hospital.

This is a fine photo of the MV Victoria and as we can see she now has two more navigation pods topside, making it three!

Due to the arrival of new ships that were being built for the P&O UK, it was decided to dispose of the Victoria, although many P&O regulars were greatly saddened to hear it, for she had been a comfortable ship and she was regarded as an intimate and a happy ship to sail on, a ship that had a rich maritime history and she was a ship that that still felt like a ship! Although her crew may not have agreed, for she was a greatly troubled ship that needed a great deal of maintenance!

At first her livery changed with her new name on her bow and stern sections and featuring a white funnel with a large oval painting of the famous Mona Lisa. although, later her funnel was pained a deep maroon-red, with the Mona Lisa blending in.

A New Life for the Old Girl:

After seven years with P&O and with new ships being built it was in 2002 that the MV Victoria was sold by P&O to a Greek Company by the name of Leonardo Shipping, being officially registered in the Bahamas, which was rather common. This company purchased her mostly to charter her to other operators, which was a profitable operation! She was renamed MV Mona Lisa and her funnel was painted white with a large oval painting of the famous Mona Lisa.

MV Mona Lisa seen here with her first funnel, being white with the painting operated by Holiday Kreuzfahrten

The Mona Lisa was quickly taken up and chartered by a German company named Holiday Kreuzfahrten and she operated for them for four years, until they were declared bankrupt in September 2006. Mona Lisa was laid up at Piraeus, Greece for just a few weeks, during which time her funnel was repainted in that famous Maroon-red colour scheme!

The now famous Maroon-red “Mona Lisa” funnel

In November she was again chartered and she headed for Doha in Qatar for the Asian Games, and there she was used as a Hotel ship until January 1, 2007. Thereafter she was chartered by Royal Caribbean Cruises (RCI) who renamed her Oceanic II for their purposes, however at first they retained her Mona Lisa funnel for the time being.

Royal Caribbean Cruises MV Oceanic II, but still showing her Mona Liza funnel

Photograph by & © Georges Koutsoukis

Soon she was transferred to Pullmantur Cruises, being is a subsidiary of Royal Caribbean International (RCI) for the 2007 northern hemisphere summer season and thus hey repainted her funnel in the Pullmantur traditional blue funnel as well as the logo along the ships hull!

Oceanic II is seen whilst cruising for RCI’s Spanish Pullmantur Cruises

Photograph by & © Soren Lund Hviid

However, briefly for just a month, from April 30 to May 28 2007, Louis Hellenic Cruises sub-chartered MV Oceanic II as a temporary replacement for the MV Sea Diamond (ex 1986 Birka Princess) that had tragically ran aground on a well-marked volcanic reef east of Nea Kameni on April 6, 2007.

Having returned to Pullmantur Cruises she continued operating cruises for the Spanish market, however it became known that the Scholar Ship organisation was in need of a ship and they decided to charter her.

She was refitted to become an educational ship for the Scholar Ship international education program, being a cooperative venture between seven major world universities and RCI. Again her blue funnel was given a new “Scholar Ship” logo. The Scholar Ship offered undergraduate and graduate semester programs during four-month voyages. The inaugural voyage embarked in September 2007, with a second voyage in early 2008.

The ScholarShip - MV Oceanic II seen in Sydney

Photograph from the author’s private collection

In June 2008 the announcement came that the charter would end, thus the MV Oceanic II returned to the Leonardo Shipping Company and her previous name Mona Lisa was restored as well as receiving a comprehensive refit.

Please Note: A Photo Album of her 2008 facilities will be on her Deck Plan & Photo Page 4.

Once again she was returned to the German charter market and another far more successful tour operator now took charge of the Mona Lisa, this being the Giant; Lord Nelson Seereisen. This agreement ran from April 28 to August 31, 2008.

MV Mona Lisa arrives in Piraeus Greece

However, on May 4, 2008, the Mona Lisa was grounded in the Irbe Strait just after she departed Riga, but thankfully she suffered no major damage and it was decided to evacuate all passengers from the ship the next day, for efforts to free the ship from the sand bank were not possible. It took a good three days to pull the Mona Lisa free and she was taken to a shipyard in Ventspils in Latvia where she was inspected for damage, but there was none! The Mona Lisa returned to her cruise duties on May 8. Her charter concluded late 2008.

As soon as the Lord Nelson Seereisen 2008 charter had ended the Mona Lisa was again taken up, but this time to the Japanese Peace Boat Organisation in order for her to undertake a three-month “Around the World Voyage” commencing from Yokohama on January 15, 2009 and returning on April 18.

MV Mona Lisa is seen ready to depart Yokohama Japan for the Peace Boat Organisation

Note the “PeaceBoat” sign on the forward funnel stump!

Upon her return from the Peace Boat world voyage in April 2009, she was again chartered to Lord Nelson Seereisen to operate the Mona Lisa during the 2009 northern hemisphere summer season. Thus she continued to be a busy ship as she had been constantly in operation, although with a good number of operators.

An excellent starboard view of the Mona Lisa

She also was chartered for the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Vancouver and Whistler from January 26, to March 23, 2010, when the Mona Lisa would be used as a floating facility, which she was docked at in British Columbia, Canada. A good approximately 1,400 crew, volunteers and paid staff were all housed on the ship, thus it was very crowded and she was made ready for it in advance!

Mona Lisa was to continue her cruises with “Lord Nelson Seereisen” in 2010 from May until August. However, the tragedy was, just with so many great classic built ships her future was uncertain for she no longer complied with the new SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) regulations that came in effect in October 2010, thus it was decided to sell this forty four year old ex classic liner and cruise ship.

Some Thoughts by Senior Crew Members:

“You may well know, but it was well known by all officers and crew of the Sea Princess that from when she was given her transformation and refit to become the Sea Princess in 1978/79 she was suddenly became besotted with mechanical “gremlins” from day one when she joined the P&O fleet. I know from what I have been told, this continued to the day she was sold in 2010 to become a hotel. This once perfect ship, for some strange reason became a mechanical monster for her mechanical reports clearly prove that she suffered from ongoing problems and breakdowns! Sometimes, I asked myself, was it the Kungsholm fighting back and angry with what was done to her, one of the finest ships ever built?”

The aforementioned came from a certain P&O Officer and he stated that this one perfect ship he knew so well in her previous life, became nothing but trouble, after she was rebuilt, and all he could say is, “I’ll say no more than that” after I asked him, “Do you believe in certain powers?” Another senior member of the staff on Sea Princess’ maiden voyage stated that “… passengers had a wonderful cruise, but behind the scene, there were toilets backing up and overflowing, a fire as well as cabins flooding and other problems!” Thus it was rather strange that the MS Kungsholm which had a clean record and certainly no problems, that suddenly after her rebuild she became a difficult ship! Believe it or not, there were even some crew who began to blame Swedish crew who may have sabotaged the ship. Strange, considering that other Swedish ships had been sold and none of them had any problems, but then again not one of them were dramatically destroyed externally!

Specifications:

Built by: John Brown & Company, Scotland 1965.

Yard: 728.

Tonnage: 26,678 GRT.

Length: 201.2m – 660ft.

Width: 26.3m – 86.3ft.

Draught: 8.56m - 28.1ft.

Engines: Two direct drive Gotaverken 9 cylinder …

slow speed two stroke diesel engines - 27,700 SHP.

Screws: Twin.

Service speed: 16 knots cruising speed.

Passengers: 1979 - 750 One Class.

. 2002 - 782.

. 2007 - 1,187 using all berths when with Louis Cruises.

. 2008 - 778.

. Fully Air-Conditioned.

. Denny Brown Stabilisers.

MV Mona Lisa’s salvation as the “Veronica.”

The ex the Mona Lisa sold to DSME of Oman and she is currently in Oman. She has been rebuilt into a luxury hotel ship and will be berthed in the port of Duqm. Some of her original cabins will be similar to those on the great ex Holland America liner, berthed in her homeport, the SS Rotterdam and there will be new hotel rooms as well as some serviced apartments. There are a total of 208 superbly furnished rooms. The public rooms are being renovated to be as close as possible to her original self. The Veronica features a sports bar, several restaurants, karaoke rooms, an outdoor swimming pool, cafes, lounges, business centre, library, theatre and a shopping arcade. Room rates will range from “Omani Rail” - RO120 (approx US$312) a night for a luxury room to RO30 (approx US$78) for a serviced room.

Within a few months, she will be opened as a hotel ship, but as she has been given a new name, she has been renamed the “Veronica.” Thus with her new role as a luxury hotel, thankfully this once great ship the MS Kungsholm will be with us for whatever number of year she remain in service here. As a hotel she offers several fine dining and spectacular entertainment options. There are a good number of facilities that will be available to her guests such as comfortable lounges, cafes and coffee shops, a shopping gallery, a business center, spa facilities and health center, swimming pools and in and out door sports facilities. The completely refurbished Veronica now offers just 261 luxury rooms all of which and are comfortable and spacious with every possible amenity. Hotel Veronica officially opened in July 2011.

The Luxury Hotel Veronica!

Some of the ships her original cabins have been redesigned, very similar to those on the great ex Holland America liner, berthed in her homeport, the SS Rotterdam. Veronica offers 208 superbly furnished rooms. The public rooms are being renovated to be as close as possible to their original self. The Veronica features a sports bar, several restaurants, karaoke rooms, an outdoor swimming pool, cafes, lounges, business centre, library, theatre and a shopping arcade. Room rates will range from “Omani Rail” - RO120 (approx US$312) a night for a luxury room to RO30 (approx US$78) for a serviced room.

Thus with her new role as a luxury hotel, thankfully this once great ship the MS Kungsholm will be with us in the future. Operating as a hotel she does not require SOLAS certification, thus she will require a massive amount of work to make her certification ready and I doubt that anyone will spend that much. For, I have never been sure if her engines have remained operational, or if she was land serviced? No matter what, she will need to be towed, should she ever be moved as she has no certification!

The End has come for the wonderful MS Kungsholm / Veronica:

The ex MV Kungsholm, Sea Princess, Victoria, Mona Lisa, Oceanic II, Mona Lisa & Hotel Veronica closed operations in October 2013, and after a two year lay up at Oman, she was sadly sold to Indian ship-breakers at Alang in October 2015 for around US$20 to 23 million.

The forlorn badly neglected Veronica is seen awaiting her fate at Duqm late 2015

ex Mona Lisa, Victoria, Sea Princess and the Stately MS Kungsholm

The tug Kamarina slowly assisted the Veronica from her berth at Duqm and headed for India. The Veronica reached Alang on November 13, 2015 and she anchored northeast of the breakers beaches. Although I have been told that her owner is still looking for new investors to save the ship, but I doubt that there is any real hope for that considering she is at Alang as that usually means the end of a ships lifetime of voyages!

In conclusion:

I hereby wish to mention that there was an excellent and a long-standing attempt to save this fine ship by Mr. Lars Hallgren. below are some of the final details of his great attempt!

A letter of intent had been signed between the ship’s owners and Swedish entrepreneur Lars Hallgren for the acquisition of the ship in 2010. Mr. Hallgren had been planning to use the ship as a floating hotel in Gothenburg. However, the local authorities have decided against supporting the project, thus this program has now fallen through and is no longer possible. But had his excellent and well laid out plans been realised, most features of the Kungsholm original appearance, including her two funnels were going to be restored. But alas, authorities, what do they know?

This is how she would have looked had the Kungsholm project gone ahead

Tragically as we have discovered in the past with other port and city authorities, and again in the case of the Swedish authorities, they are just great at destroying things and they have no desire in restoring and retaining great things that really matter, especially the greatest liner ever built in their country and using it to promote their city and country to the world! The restored Kungsholm would have provided an opportunity to display Sweden’s great Maritime History, as well as providing a luxury hotel and tourist facility. The Kungsholm was the very last Swedish Trans-Atlantic Liner left in the world, the last of her kind and Sweden had the opportunity to save her. Take a look at the very small nation of the Netherlands, what did they do with their greatly beloved Holland America Line SS Rotterdam? They totally restored this great ship to her original condition and she is now open as a luxury hotel in the heart of the great Port City of Rotterdam, and better still, she has proved to be a success with tourists flocking to visit and stay on board her from all over the world!

Thus, Lars Hallgren this is a special thank you from me and the millions of supporters of ssmaritime.com, for you have done a remarkable job!

Reuben Goossens.

MS Kungsholm IV INDEX:

Page One … Kungsholm Advance 1965 Promotional Brochure

Page Two … History - MS Kungsholm from 1966 to 1975 with SAL.

. And 1975 to 1978 with Flagship Cruises.

Page Three … Sea Princess, Victoria, Mona Lisa, Oceanic II,

. & Hotel Veronica. Sold in 2015 to breakers in Alang.

Page Four … MV Mona Lisa Photo Album & Deck Plan.

“Blue Water Liners sailing to the distant shores.
I watched them come, I watched them go and I watched them die.”

Memories ~ The Way she Was!

The MS Kungsholm is seen here departing Wellington New Zealand in February 1967

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Please Note: ssmaritime and associated sites are 100% non-commercial and the author does not seek funding or favours and never have and never will.

Photographs on ssmaritime and associate pages are either by the author or from the author’s private collection. In addition there are some images and photographs that have been provided by Shipping Companies or private photographers or collectors. Credit is given to all contributors, however, there are some photographs provided to me without details regarding the photographer or owner concerned. Therefore, I hereby invite if owners of these images would be so kind to make them-selves known to me (my email address can be found at the bottom of the page on www.ssmaritime.com), in order that due credit may be given.